Knee arthrosis is a serious dystrophic disease of the bone joints, which is associated with damage to the cartilage tissue covering the entire surface of the joints.
Such destruction of cartilage tissue is caused by disorders in the bloodstream of the bones small vessels.The diagnosis of arthrosis is usually made by the elderly over 50 years of age and most of them are women.At the same time, joint cartilage cracks, it becomes larger and loses its depreciation properties and fibrous, which does not soften the periodic blows of the body and knee joint.
Symptoms of knee arthrosis
The main symptom of knee arthrosis is severe knee pain, the nature and intensity of which change over time.Usually the pain becomes simply unbearable during movement, in the rest of them they can be strengthened or withdrawn.The patient may have deformities and severe edema in the area of the affected joint, and also has a characteristic crisis during walking.In addition, the patient has an inflammatory reaction in the synovial joint membrane, which causes swelling of the cartilage and increasing cartilage in volumes.The pathology of this disease is a reduction in joint mobility, restriction on mobility and the appearance of a feeling of stiffness of the joints.
It is worth noting that joint arthrosis can affect various areas of the patient's body, but the most common are species such as knee arthrosis, the disease of lumbosacus and cervical spaces, and the arthrosis of the pillar.Any form of arthrosis is associated with bone deformity, so it can be called the deformation of knee joint arthrosis or a prone control.In general, arthrosis, deforming arthrosis, osteoarthrosis, arthrosis, osteoarthritis, is considered synonymous with international classification.It is worth noting that deformation of hip arthrosis can cause very severe disorders in the functioning of the musculoskeletal system.Therefore, early diagnosis of this disease helps to maintain the patient's physical ability.With the arthrosis of the knee joint there is a noticeable deformity of the leg, its curvature, a deviation of the axis of the leg from a straight line, which always leads to the inability to work on the joint and to difficult in its work.
Deformation of arthrosis of the knee joints
Osteoarthrosis or deformation of arthrosis of one or two joints of the knee is a degenerative-dystrophic disease.Usually, the main factor for the development of this disease is the constant load of the knee joints.In addition, women suffer from this disease twice as often as men.In general, knee arthrosis becomes very slow and its common symptoms pronounce pain.At the onset of the disease, the pain occurs only after long walking, when lifting, wearing weights or when the stairs are descended.Increasing the pain in wet and cold weather is also characteristic.In the future, the pain only intensifies and becomes permanent.A reactive, wandering inflammatory process develops in the inner sheath of the joint and a sudden exacerbation of pain can occur.As a result, the knee joint increases in size and swells.In addition, the process disappears and then resumes again under adverse conditions.
Treatment of knee arthrosis involves the limitation of physical activity on the joint, but it is necessary to perform physiotherapy exercises, since the movements it performs make the joint allow to maintain the mobility of the joint and improve the nutrition of its elements.All exercises are chosen using the treatment of physiotherapy exercises or a doctor for exercise.Such exercises are performed daily.The only condition for exercise is the unloading of the knee joint, that is, all exercises are performed in a sitting and lying position.It is still very useful to swim and exercise in the pool.Although the joint is amazed, physiotherapy exercises are prescribed on both joints.Patients are recommended by massage in the area of the knee joint, the lower leg and the hip joint.This allows you to improve the blood circulation of the joint and also to help maintain your leg muscles in excellent condition.
To eliminate pain syndrome, the doctor prescribes non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs and analgesics.Various analgesics and irritating ointments are also prescribed.In order to improve blood supply, venonics and vasor regulation of drugs are prescribed.For a long time, the patient is prescribed medicines that improve the condition of the articular cartilage - these are chondroprotectors.When conservative therapy methods become ineffective, they resort to surgical treatment.If the main function of the joint is preserved and there are no contractures, then a small surgery is possible, that is, arthroscopy using endoscopic technology.During the operation, it is washed, then all the destroyed fragments of cartilage are removed, the osteophytes are removed.However, such an operation is palliative, with mild trauma, it allows you to improve your joint for 2-3 years.And if there is a large lesion of the outer or interior of the joint, a slight curvature of the lower legs, then the doctor may prescribe correction and valve, the main osteotomy for the shin with serious lesions on the inside of the knee joint.
The causes of knee arthrosis joint
The main causes of knee arthrosis are associated with increased physical activity of middle -aged people, which is why there is a violation of the blood supply and nutrition of the cartilage joints, which leads to the functional failure of the joints.Knee arthrosis develops as a result of factors such as the lack of collagen of the second type, injuries of joints of different types of origin, acquired joint diseases, genetic factor, that is, predisposition to congenital bone and joint disease.The cause of this disease may be overweight, which always causes increased load of the joints, overall congestion of the joints of the legs, as well as disorders in metabolism.In order for the joints to work successfully and arthrosis does not cause any inconvenience during work, you need to take care of your health to prevent diseases and protect your joints.In order to obtain good treatment results, it is necessary to obtain an accurate diagnosis that is achieved using several methods for examining the disease.
The degree of arthrosis of the knee joint
Several stages of arthrosis can be identified during clinical radiological studies.For example, first -degree arthrosis is characterized by a slight narrowing of the gap in the joint itself, restriction on movement and directing the edges of the surface of the joint.If the patient has a 2nd degree, then he has significant restrictions on movement as well as a strong crisis in the joint.And during the examination, the doctor discovers osteophytes, narrowing in the joint precipice and cyst.When the patient has a 3rd degree of arthrosis, he or she has a complete restriction on movement as well as deformity of the joints, and seals, osteophytes, epiphysis and subchondral cysts appear on their surface.
In an arthroscopic examination, the doctor reveals: with first -degree arthrosis, the patient feels softening of cartilage, in the second stage small tears and cracks are observed on the surface of the joint, with the third degree of disease, the patient reveals characteristic changes in the cartilage tissues in thickness, but it is not possible to consider bone tissue.In the fourth stage of arthrosis, the surface of the joint is filled with areas where there is no cartilage.And in order to unload the patient's joint, high physical activity must be avoided and motor activity reduced.And with the help of special orthoses, cane, crutches, you can significantly reduce the effect on the inflamed joint.
Treatment of knee arthrosis
In the treatment of arthrosis, tablets and ointments are prescribed, which relieve pain, and also counteract inflammatory processes, prescribe physiotherapy procedures that slow down the process of destruction of the joints.In more serious cases, joint endoprotets are prescribed, after which conservative treatment and rehabilitation will be required.Diet is also necessary for those patients who suffer from excess weight as well as metabolic processes disorders.In addition, dietary nutrition should be rich in trace elements and nutrients, which will be sufficient for the processes of creating new tissues and cells that occur in the patient's body.Only a dietary doctor chooses a diet that will take into account the patient's health.It is very important to know that the restriction and overeating in the food is damaged by the joints.During treatment, you can use special orthoses, crutches and canes that will unload the patient from additional physical activity.
The healing complex includes gymnastics for the knee joint, which occupies a very important place.Gymnastics are prescribed to the patient to prevent his or her contractures, improve blood circulation, and increase muscle tone.Therefore, it is necessary to perform morning gymnastics, which will prepare the inflamed joint for upcoming home loads.To strengthen all stages of treatment for knee arthrosis, the doctor recommends SPA treatment.
It is worth noting that knee arthrosis is one of the most common diseases found in many former athletes.This is due to the fact that in his youth these people are subjected to tremendous stress, injuries, the micro -trauma of the joints, tears of the ligaments and many bruises.And since muscle mass can fix the joints, the first symptoms of arthrosis become invisible.However, the deviation from sports begins to provoke the weakening of the muscle frame of the athlete, so that the micro -traumas become painful and the joints begin to be distributed.The complex exercises that should be obtained in the physiotherapy room, as well as strictly perform these exercises 3-4 times a day, are also very useful.Of course, these exercises should be taken seriously, especially as you get out of a false position.And after a hard day, the patient is recommended for rest and peace for 30-40 minutes.
Even the treatment of knee arthrosis involves such general recommendations as wearing shoes only at a comfortable high level, the patient should lead a mobile lifestyle and he should not bend his feet on top of each other when he sits.It is advisable to unload the joints of the legs after the end of the difficult difficult day, this can be the exercises for the "bicycle", thanks to which the legs turn into the air, which perfectly relieves the static tension that has arisen in the joints.In addition, Aquaerobic is very useful, which is an excellent remedy for fatigue in the legs that has accumulated throughout the day and also lifts the mood and becomes a good means of weight loss.In addition, the treatment of knee arthrosis can be supplemented with special warming compresses that contain alcohol, you can use warm baths with the addition of coniferous oils in the absence of allergies to them.These procedures should only be performed in the evening or before bedtime.In addition, other treatments, for example, treatment with folk methods that are completely dependent on the patient himself, become effective.However, before the use of folk methods of treatment in the treatment of arthrosis, it is necessary to consult your doctor and follow all his recommendations and tips.
In the most modern stages of knee arthrosis arthrosis, methods of surgical treatment are allowed, since conservative treatment in this situation will no longer lead to results.When the patient has constant pain cramps and serious movement restrictions, the doctor's readings become surgery.In most cases, such symptoms are already diagnosed at 2-3 stages of the disease.Surgical treatment of arthrosis involves the correction of osteotomy, that is, it is a correction of joint deformities, as well as improving the functionality of the joint.Such an operation is performed only if it is possible to save the joint, in which case the expected effect will become positive and can remain ten years.In more advanced situations, at the latest stages, the endoprothetics of the affected joint are prescribed, that is, the joint is replaced.This is the most appropriate solution to replace the already affected joint with a special implant.This method of treating arthrosis of the hip joint may have a second name - the "gold standard".
When the signs of knee arthrosis have not yet felt and are very bad and rare, this does not become the reason for visiting the doctor of an orthopedic traumatologist, therefore human powers can prevent such a serious disease disease.First is proper nutrition, moderate physical activity, maintaining the normal exchange process and the entire body index, as well as special exercises that can maintain a musculoskeletal system in good working order.However, if there is suddenly suspected knee arthrosis, then you should seek medical professional help immediately, as well as start the necessary treatment, which is usually complicated.
Folk treatment of knee arthrosis joint
There are many folk methods for the treatment of knee arthrosis, which differ in their effectiveness and help only in the initial stages of the disease.
A horseradish compress helping with joint pain
For many years, many people cannot cure arthrosis, so they use all the available methods and one of them, it is a horseradish compress, thanks to which you can cure deformation of arthrosis, relieve inflammation and reduce acute pain.
To prepare this compress, you need to dig or buy a fresh horseradish root, then grind it on a very fine grater.All the content obtained should be lowered into the water and left steamed over low heat, but the water should not reach boiling.After 15 minutes, cool the broth and the resulting composition should be placed on the tissue of the canvas, but first this fabric should be soaked in the resulting decoction.The tissue filed must be placed in the affected area.It is advisable to stock up on Horsradish roots for the winter and use it if necessary.
Compression to treat arthrosis
Many elderly people suffer from arthrosis pain and use all available treatment methods.One of them is special compresses that give good results and noticeably differ in effect from medication.5% medical iodine, 10% ammonia, glycerin, floral bile honey are required to prepare the compress.All these components should be taken in equal proportions and mixed well.Then they have to cook for 10 days in a dark place.The mixture must be shaken and compressed with it before use.Before that, the mixture should be heated in a water bath and then moisten a napkin in it and place it inflamed at night.You should place cellophane on top of the joint and then cover with a wool with a cloth.Such treatment should be performed daily until the pain disappears.